I received an email from city council candidate Cary Weston today regarding the recent proposal to begin a per-bag solid waste fee for Bangor residents. While this proposal is undoubtedly unpopular by itself, the justification provided in the message seemed downright wrong to me. The email said that many Bangor residents asked the following question:
Why should the majority of tax payers in Bangor subsidize a [curbside recycling] program being used by only a small percentage?
I’ve always been passionate about recycling and reducing waste, but in the interests of keeping this entry relatively short, I’ll focus on a couple of points.
The benefits of recycling
In any society – especially one in which mass consumption tends to be the norm – waste is an unfortunate yet extremely visible consequence. New landfills are passionately debated among nearby residents, and those that already exist are fought by those who see and smell their contents every day.
Recycling, on the other hand, is a clean alternative. Recycling reduces waste by allowing materials to live a second, third, or tenth life, and it delays the growth of landfills by keeping materials in the consumer stream longer. Recycling is becoming easier to do with the adoption of single-stream recycling, in which materials do not need to be sorted before entering the recycling process.
And there’s also a financial incentive: recycling generates revenue and municipalities are compensated for the materials, as opposed to the costly process of traditional solid waste disposal.
The benefits of a per-bag fee
Solid waste disposal is costly. Trash must be collected, ideally transported to an incinerator to reduce its volume, and then shipped to the landfill. The landfill must be monitored and supervised over its extensive lifetime, and the area feels its effects long after its closure.
Municipalities take on this cost and pass it onto residents through taxes. The per-bag fee system is a much more reasonable way to distribute costs; those who generate more trash in turn pay a larger portion of the collection and disposal fees for the municipality. Those that only generate a small amount of waste are charged less. The municipality, in turn, covers a larger portion of its disposal fees while encouraging its residents to find alternate means of disposal.
Charging a disposal fee may also lead consumers to make more environmentally responsible choices when they buy, including everything from buying in bulk to using reusable bags when they shop.
What should the question be?
What would be a better question instead of the one proposed at the top of this post? The answer is pretty simple: why aren’t more people recycling? In many cases, people don’t recycle due to the relative ease of throwing something away versus sorting it in some sort of receptacle. Most people don’t understand the complete environmental and financial benefits of recycling, and as a result they choose the easiest path for disposal (the trash bin) over the more sensible one.
In addition to being a fairer option for residents, a per-bag waste fee offers an incentive to consider recycling as a way to save money, and the “program being used by only a small percentage” will be used by a larger portion of residents over time. As they do, the municipality not only slows the growth of local landfills but also saves money by shifting a larger portion of its waste from a costly disposal option to one that costs much less money (and may even generate revenue).
I know which option I’d choose.
Update: In my original post it was not entirely clear who had asked the question at the top of this post. I went back and changed the first paragraph to clarify that the question at the top was an opinion voiced by some Bangor residents.